![]() The large ear flaps assist in maintaining a constant body temperature as well as in communication. Tusks, which are derived from the incisor teeth, serve both as weapons and as tools for moving objects and digging. The trunk is used for breathing and is prehensile, bringing food and water to the mouth, and grasping objects. ![]() Distinctive features of elephants include a long proboscis called a trunk, tusks, large ear flaps, pillar-like legs, and tough but sensitive skin. The order was formerly much more diverse during the Pleistocene, but most species became extinct during the Late Pleistocene epoch. They are the only surviving members of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea. Three living species are currently recognised: the African bush elephant, the African forest elephant, and the Asian elephant. Clockwise: the African bush elephant, the Asian elephant and African forest elephant.Ĭladistically included but traditionally excluded taxaĮlephants are the largest existing land animals.
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